Prazo de entrega entre 3 a 4 semanas.
O recebimento de encomendas internacionais está sujeito a procedimentos aduaneiros e isto pode causar atrasos além do tempo estimado de entrega
Editors Michael Kovacic and John Grzywacz
Hardcover: 265 pages
Publisher: American Society of Safety Engineers; Sixth edition (December 15, 2011)
Language: English
ISBN-10: 1885581599
ISBN-13: 978-1885581594
Order #4432
The sixth edition of An Illustrated Guide to Electrical Safety provides all the text and changes to 29 CFR 1910 Subpart S implemented by OSHA in 2007, including a new, easy-to-use, cross-reference to find new and renumbered sections. These changes have been documented and commented on to synchronize the requirements of OSHA to the 2011 National Electrical Code, as well as coordinating 29 CFR 1926 Subpart K requirements for construction. While OSHA did not revise the Safety-Related Work Practices section of Subpart S, the Illustrated Guide harmonizes the OSHA requirements with latest NFPA 70E – Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace, 2012 Edition.Over 130 illustrations are used to explain the revised OSHA requirements, and the updated analysis provides the reader with insights into how to implement OSHA requirements for a safer workplace, and even the history of some requirements. ISBN 978-1-885581-59-4.
About the Editors
Michael O. Kovacic is a full-time Electrical Safety Specialist and President of TMK and Associates, Inc., a Cleveland, Ohio based organization specializing in electrical safety and lockout/tagout. Mr. Kovacic has over 15 years of experience in the electrical safety industry. He has participated in or managed teams for safety audits at over 150 industrial facilities for major corporations and government organizations. He has participated in flash hazard analysis for numerous facilities as well. He has also reviewed and revised electrical safety programs for major U.S. corporations and government entities. His background also includes accident investigation.
John Grzywacz is an instructor for TMK Associates, Inc. on NFPA 70E and 79 compliance, safety assessments and OSHA reporting requirements, flash hazard analysis services, safety program creation and review, and accident investigation. Previously, Mr. Grzywacz was with OSHA for over 20 years, first as the OSHA Region II (NYC) Training Director and later as a faculty member at the OSHA National Training Institute, Des Plaines, IL. He is a two-time recipient of the Department of Labor’s Exceptional Achievement Award, and is a member of ASTM’s F-18 Committee on electrical protective equipment for workers.
Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgments
Subpart S, Electrical – General
Part 1 – Design Safety Standards for Electrical Systems
1910.301 Introduction 1
1910.302 Electrical Utilization Systems 2
1910.303 General Requirements 8
1910.304 Wiring Design and Protection 40
1910.305 Wiring Methods, Components, and Equipment for General Use 93
1910.306 Special-Purpose Equipment and Installations 126
1910.307 Hazardous (Classified) Locations 149
1910.308 Special Systems 180 Part 2 – Electrical Safety-Related Work Practices
1910.331 Electrical Safety-Related Work Practices 195
1910.332 Training 198
1910.333 Selection and Use of Work Practices 201
1910.334 Use of Equipment 214
1910.335 Safeguards for Personnel Protection 217
1910.399 Definitions Applicable to This Subpart 232
1910, Appendix A to Subpart S – Referenced Standards 243
Appendix B – Subpart S Old to New Cross Reference 245
Appendix C – NEMA Plug Configurations 260
Appendix D – Commentary Submissions on Grounding 263
List of Figures
Figure 1 An example of a utility substation covered under 1910.269 3
Figure 2 Symbols of common Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratories (NRTLs) 8
Figure 3 Example of the interrupting rating marked on an overcurrent device 11
Figure 4 NEMA Enclosure Specifications for Indoor Nonhazardous Locations 12
Figure 5 NEMA Enclosure Specifications for Outdoor Nonhazardous Locations 13
Figure 6 Example of equipment affected by deteriorating agents 14
Figure 7 ANSI/NECA 1-2006, Standard Practice for Good Workmanship in Electrical Contracting 15
Figure 8 Example of one type of knockout plug 15
Figure 9 Unused opening in a disconnect switch 15
Figure 10 Example of corrosive chemical residue 16
Figure 11 Note the damaged handle on this disconnect switch 16
Figure 12 Example of electrical equipment not firmly secured 17
Figure 13 Example of electrical equipment not firmly secured 17
Figure 14 Even with ventilation openings clear, equipment may not be able to dissipate heat properly 18
Figure 15 Example of lack of maintenance leading to inadequate ventilation of electrical equipment 18
Figure 16 None of these connections are identified for multiple wire termination 19
Figure 17 Sample mechanical splicing devices 20
Figure 18 Conductors mechanically joined and soldered 21
Figure 19 Insulating a splice with electrical tape 22
Figure 20 Generator nameplate 22
Figure 21 Each disconnect and circuit requires identification 23
Figure 22 Actual picture of disconnect switches 24
Figure 23 Disconnect switch located on machine 24
Figure 24 Requirements for entrance and egress from working space 27
Figure 25 Condition (A)-Live parts on one side and no live or grounded parts on the other side 28
Figure 26 Condition (B)-Exposed live parts on one side and grounded parts on the other side 29
Figure 27 Condition (C)-Exposed live unguarded parts on both sides 31
Figure 28 Example of warning sign for unqualified persons 33
Figure 29 An outdoor substation preventing entrance by a locked fence 34
Figure 30 Requirements for entrance and egress from workspace 36
Figure 31 Working spaces behing electrical equipment 38
Figure 32 Distribution panelboard 41
Figure 33A Correct wiring of duplex receptacles 42
Figure 33B Incorrect wiring of duplex receptacles 43
Figure 33C Incorrect wiring of duplex receptacles 44
Figure 33D Incorrect wiring of duplex receptacles 44
Figure 34 Duplex receptacle correctly wired for designated terminals 45
Figure 35A Example of portable GFCI device 47
Figure 35B HD-Pro 480V portable GFCI by TRC 47
Figure 36 Open conductors installed on insulators on the surface of a building 50
Figure 37 Minimum climbing spaces for power conductors located over communication conductors 51
Figure 38 Required clearance between a roof and outside branch circuits, feeders, and service 53
Figure 39 Minimum distance of 3 feet from sloping roof to overhead wires 53
Figure 40A Minimum clearance from roof to wires over slope roof overhang 54
Figure 40B Minimum clearance from roof to wires over flat roof overhang 55
Figure 41 Three acceptable arrangements for service-entrance disconnecting means 56
Figure 42 Common types of fuses: socket type (top) and cartridge 58 Figure 43 Cutaway view of a circuit breaker 59
Figure 44 Disconnects for overcurrent devices 60
Figure 45 SWD & HID markings on typical circuit breaker 61
Figure 46-1A No current flows unless there is a complete loop 63
Figure 46-1B If the loop (circuit) is not complete no electrons can return 63
Figure 46-1C Friction (resistance) inside of a conductor produces heat 63
Figure 46-1D A well-designed system has minimum resistance 63
Figure 46-2A When current flows through a conductor, a magnetic field is forced outside of the conductor 64
Figure 46-2B In a conventional circuit, the current flowing in the returning line produces a field 64
Figure 46-2C If the outgoing and returning conductors of a circuit (loop) are close together, the two magnetic fields cancel each other 64
Figure 46-3 Grounding (bonding) conductors must be carried with the supply conductors 65
Figure 46-4 Ground impedance must be low 67
Figure 46-5A The equipment grounding conductor protects against hazards of voltage between enclosures 69
Figure 46-5B The grounding-electrode conductor protects against hazards of voltage between enclosures and their surroundings
Figure 46-6A A grounded system has an intentional connection from a current-carrying conductor to the equipment grounding conductor and to the grounding electrode 69
Figure 46-6B An ungrounded system has no main bonding jumper, but the equipment grounding conductors are required exactly as in the grounded system 69
Figure 46-7A In a grounded system each fault clears immediately, over a predictable path to the source 69
Figure 46-7B In an ungrounded system fault current flows between faults over unpredictable paths 69
Figure 46-8 System and equipment grounding 70
Figure 47 250-volt, three-wire DC system. The neutral conductor is grounded at the source 71
Figure 48 Grounded 2-wire DC system supplying an electroplating operation 72
Figure 49 AC circuits under 50 volts requiring grounding 73
Figure 50 Typical connections for a GROUNDED 3-phase, 4-wire, service supplied system 78
Figure 51 Typical connections for a UNGROUNDED 3-phase, 3-wire, service supplied system 79
Figure 52 Simplified diagram of a GROUNDED system 80
Figure 53 Simplified diagram of an UNGROUNDED system 80
Figure 54 Cord- and plug-connected equipment without a grounding conductor 83
Figure 55 Cord- and plug-connected equipment with a grounding conductor 84
Figure 56 Grounding methods for fixed equipment using a separate conductor or metal enclosures as the equipment grounding conductor 86
Figure 57 Grounding method for fixed equipment using circuit conductor enclosures as equipment grounding conductor 86
Figure 58 Motor suitably grounded by its attachment to grounded structure 87
Figure 59 Equipment considered effectively grounded 88
Figure 60 Derived neutral for an ungrounded delta-connected system showing the neutral grounded through an impedance 89
Figure 61 Non-current-carrying metal parts connected 89
Figure 62 Ground fault detection and relaying 90
Figure 63 Typical ground-fault indicator lights integrated into electrical equipment to indicate a ground-fault on a 3-phase delta system 91
Figure 64 Isolated grounding electrode 92
Figure 65 Temporary wiring arrangement permissible for duration of construction, remodeling, maintenance, repair, or demolition of structures 94
Figure 66 Temporary feeders run as open conductors 96
Figure 67 Temporary branch circuit run as open wiring on insulators 97
Figure 68 Receptacle used for temporary wiring protected by a GFCI circuit breaker 98
Figure 69 Earth returns 99
Figure 70 Plug connector for use with temporary circuits 100
Figure 71 Overloaded multiple ladder-type cable trays 102
Figure 72A Unused openings 104
Figure 72B Various standard trade sizes of knockout covers 104
Figure 73 Knife switches (A and B) 105
Figure 74 Double-throw knife switches with locking device 106
Figure 75 Typical multiconductor insulation 108
Figure 76 Wet-location portable hand lamp with step-down transformer 111
Figure 77 Non-dead-front attachment plug 112
Figure 78 Receptacles and plugs with NEMA configurations 113
Figure 79 Single outlet weatherproof cover suitable for use in wet locations 114
Figure 80 Electric space heater with exposed heating elements guarded by a protective grill 115
Figure 81 Example of a Motor Control Center (MCC) 116
Figure 82 Motor disconnecting means 117
Figure 83 Labeling required when disconnects are out of sight 118
Figure 84 Locking controller disconnecting means 118
Figure 85 Manually operable switch within sight 119
Figure 86 Motor protection methods 120
Figure 87 Unguarded commutators, collectors, and brushes housed within motor 121
Figure 88 Typical Class 2 circuit 122
Figure 89 Transformer for power-limited, fire-protective signaling circuit 123
Figure 90 Examples of safeguarding methods for transformers 124
Figure 91 Location of disconnect for gantry crane 127
Figure 92 Second disconnect not required 128
Figure 93 Interconnected control panels 129
Figure 94 Location of disconnect in data processing center 132
Figure 95 Typical operation of disconnecting means 132
Figure 96 Interlocks 133
Figure 97 Induction heat-treating process 135
Figure 98 The boundaries of the cell line as a single functional unit 137
Figure 99 Isolating transformer supplying hand-held double-insulated tool for use in cell line working zone 139
Figure 100 NEMA configurations for 2-pole 3-wire grounding plugs and receptacles 141
Figure 101 Distance of receptacles to permanently installed swimming pool 142
Figure 102A Ground-fault circuit interrupter 143
Figure 102B Receptacle-type ground-fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) 144
Figure 103 GFCI requirement for fountains applies to ornamental fountains of this type 145
Figure 104 Explosion occurring in general-purpose equipment 153
Figure 105 A fluorescent hazardous-duty hand lamp for Classified Locations 155
Figure 106 Design features of a totally enclosed, fan-cooled, explosion-proof motor 156
Figure 107 Explosion occurring in approved equipment 157
Figure 108 Internal explosive pressure 158
Figure 109 Threaded joint design 159
Figure 110 Openings designed into ground joint 159
Figure 111 Class 1, Division 1 hazardous location 163
Figure 112 Construction of Type MI (mineral insulated) cable 164
Figure 113 Sealing 165 Figure 114 Bonding in Class 1 hazardous (classified) locations 165
Figure 115 Class I, Division 2 hazardous locations 168
Figure 116 Class II hazardous locations 169
Figure 117 Preventing dust from entering the dust-ignition-proof enclosure by sealing between enclosures 172
Figure 118 Preventing dust from entering the dust-ignition-proof enclosures by horizontal distance 173
Figure 119 Preventing dust from entering the dust-ignition-proof enclosure by vertical distance 173
Figure 120 Totally enclosed pipe-ventilated motor 174
Figure 121 Bonding in Class II hazardous (classified) locations 174
Figure 122 Class III hazardous locations 176
Figure 123 Improperly supported cable and properly supported cable 180
Figure 124 Isolating switches 182 Figure 125 Normal and emergency lighting circuits where permitted in a common junction box 183
Figure 126 Example of a Class 1 power-limited circuit 185
Figure 127 Example of a Class 1 remote control circuit 185
Figure 128 Thermostat control circuit, Class 2 186
Figure 129 Well-laid-out fire control panel has barriers to minimize wiring errors 189
Figure 130 Identification of fire protective signaling circuits 190
Figure 131 Protection of communication system from accidental contact with power conductors 191
Figure 132A Group lockout/tagout of electrical disconnecting means 204
Figure 132B Cable lockout device for several electrical disconnects 204
Figure 132C Lockout procedures affixed to a pump motor 205
Figure 133 Example of danger tape used to establish work zone to restrict approach by unqualified persons 209
Figure 134 Metallic crane booms may come in contact with overhead lines 212
Figure 135 Example of Rubber Insulating Glove Label 218
European harmonisation of internal market legislation through the so-called new and old approach directives applicable to the FEM industries (Machinery, Electromagnetic Compatibility, Pressure Equipment, Explosive Atmosphere …), and to a certain extent through environmental requirements (Noise Emissions for Outdoor Equipment, Emissions from Non-road Mobile Machinery…) has increased the need for standards and technical guidelines.
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